Print at Dec 18, 2025, 10:15:58 AM

Posted by Keet at Oct 2, 2023, 1:32:13 PM
Re: Light refraction and mirror effect rendering.
Here are the specifications for MTL files: https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000508.shtml and a more extended version: http://www.paulbourke.net/dataformats/mtl/

I use this for normal glass:
newmtl Glass
illum 1
Ka 1.0 1.0 1.0
Kd 1.0 1.0 1.0
Ks 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ns 1.0
Ni 1.45
d 0.45

Ks states the shiny/reflection of the material. Usually between 0 and 1, values outside that range will effect reflectivity.
Ni is the refraction factor, i.e. the deformation when looking through glass.
d is the opacity with a value between 0 and 1: 0.0 = fully transparent, 1.0 = fully opaque.

• Your d value is pretty high for glass.
• It's normal that light breaks (changes direction) through glass. Adjust your Ni value if it seems too much. Lowering the d value might also help in lowering the refraction. Greenhouses usually use cheaper glass which will refract more than window glass.
• In real life curved glass will distort (refract) a little more than flat glass depending on the quality of the glass, adjust the Ni factor if it's too much.
• You will have to experiment with the different values to get what you want. What you see in the 3D view is not exactly the same as when you render a photo, photo rendering is much more sensitive to the mtl values.
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