There are no commandline options for photo rendering (or anything else as far as I know). You can set some extra Java options in the startup script but that is not what you are looking for. There are however several plugins that relate to rendering. None offer a batch option for rendering but you might still find them useful. Maybe one of the developers finds a way to add it to a plugin.

Camera Data Generator
Photo-video rendering plugin
Advanced settings of photo rendering

To make installing and maintaining plugins easier I advise to first install the Pluginmanager and use that to install and update other plugins. (direct download)